The brightness of the image produced by a thermal imager depends on the objects emissivity and temperature. Because mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long wave infrared (LWIR) technologies measure radiation inherent to the object and require no external light source, they also are referred to as thermal imaging methods. This FPA allowed researchers to look at two infrared (IR) planes at the same time. In 2003, researchers at the United States Army Research Laboratory and the Federal Laboratory Collaborative Technology Alliance reported a dual band multispectral imaging focal plane array (FPA). Multispectral imaging measures light emission and is often used in detecting or tracking military targets. Hyperspectral imaging is a special case of spectral imaging where often hundreds of contiguous spectral bands are available. Multispectral imaging measures light in a small number (typically 3 to 15) of spectral bands. Multispectral imaging has also found use in document and painting analysis. Early space-based imaging platforms incorporated multispectral imaging technology to map details of the Earth related to coastal boundaries, vegetation, and landforms. It was originally developed for military target identification and reconnaissance.
It can allow extraction of additional information the human eye fails to capture with its visible receptors for red, green and blue. The wavelengths may be separated by filters or detected with the use of instruments that are sensitive to particular wavelengths, including light from frequencies beyond the visible light range, i.e. Multispectral imaging captures image data within specific wavelength ranges across the electromagnetic spectrum. Video by SDO simultaneously showing sections of the Sun at various wavelengths
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